DNA

• Type:: #lesson
• Tags:: Science (MOC) - Biology - Cells
• Assoc::
• Created:: 2022-09-27

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  • Nucleic Acids

• DNA

  • Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
    • De
      • Take away
    • Oxy
      • Oxygen
    • Ribo
      • Sugar
    • Nucleic
      • Nucleus
    • Acid
      • Acid like molecule with lots of hydrogen molecules.
  • What has it?
    • Nucleus
    • Mitochondria
    • Chloroplast

Structure

• Double Helix

  • Rosalind Franklin found that DNA had a double helix.
  • Other's got the nobel prize.
  • Two Nucleotides connected with hydgrogen bonding.

• A^[1]-T^[2] | Apple Trees

• G^[3]-C^[4] | Goat Cheese

  • What does adenine bond with? ;; Thymine

  • What does thymine bond with? ;; Adenine

  • What does guanine bond with? ;; Cytosine

  • What does cytosine bond with? ;; Guanine

• DNA Sequence is a genome.

  • 100k genes

    • 23 parts / Chromosomes
      • DNA coiled around histones. Location of centromere gives it its shape.

  • 3 bil base pairs long

  • How many genes in a genome? ;; 100,000

  • How many chromosomes in a genome? ;; 23 pairs | 46 chromosomes

• Complementary bases with a-t and g-c

• Anti-parallel

  • Opposite directions
  • The two parts of DNA go in opposite directions.

• Codons

  • Triplets of bases arranged in DNA
  • Ex:
    • AGG-CTC
    • TCC-GAG
    • Pairs between these two are because they're complementary.
  • What are codons? ;; Triplets of bases, they are arranged like this in DNA

• Genes

• What it's made of?

  • Double helix
  • Twisted ladder shape
  • Smallest unit here is a Nucleotide
    • Hydrogen bonds are formed between

      • A-T

        • 2 Bonds
        • How many hydrogen bonds are formed between Adenine and Thymine? ;; 2

      • C-G

        • 3 Bonds
        • How many hydrogen bonds are formed between Cytosine and Guanine? ;; 3

• Molecule

  • Nitrogenous Base
    • Adenine
    • Cytosine
    • Thymine
    • Guanine

• RNA

• Code for Proteins

• Human DNA

• Replicating DNA