Digesting

• ↑

  • Stages of Food Processing

• Digesting

  • Break into small molecules so the food is useful

  • Mechanical and chemical digestion

  • Helped by Enzymes

  • Break down food into Monosaccharides, Triglyceride and Proteins into Amino Acids.
    

  • Stomach

    • Churns food

    • Gastric Juices

      • Gastric Pits
      • Mucous
        • Protects stomach
        • Smoothens out food
      • Hydrochloric acid
        • Kills micro organisms
      • Pepsinogen
        • Inactivated enzyme
        • Activated by hydrochloric acid
        • Turns into pepsin

    • What are gastric juices? ;; Contain mucous, hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen

      • What releases gastric juices? ;; Gastric pits

    • Food inside releases gastrin

      • Stimulates gastric juices
      • What is gastrin? ;; a hormone that causes the release of gastric juices

    • Nerves in stomach send a signal to brain when we are full

    • Ghrelin

    • Movement is by sphincters

      • Cardiac sphincter
      • Pyloric sphincter

    • Folds called Rugae

    • Three substances can be absorbed from the stomach

      • Alcohol
      • Caffeine
      • Aspirin
      • What three substances can be absorbed from the stomach? ;; Alcohol, Caffeine and Aspirin

    • Empties over 4 hours

    • Chyme

    • Pepsin

    • The stomach's pH is between ;; 1 - 3

    • Gastric juices mixed with groud up food call chyme

    • Chyme enters duodenum, where prosecretin is converted to secretin and becomes active.

    • Secretin goes into blood stream, releases bicarbonate ions and digestive enzymes back from the pancreas.

      • Lipases
      • Trypsin
      • Erepsin
      • What enzymes does the pancreas produce when it gets signals from secretin? ;; Lipases, Trypsin and Erepsin

    • Bicarbonate neutralizes pH of chyme turning it from 1-2 to 7-8

      • The intestine tract needs a higher pH level
      • Protects small intestine from HCl
      • What is bicarbonate's role in the stomach and how does it help the intestines? ;; It neutralizes the pH level of chyme from 1 to 7, this protects the small intestines from hydrochloric acid and the function of the intestines enzyme are greater